Shedding light on IPF: neutrophils’ hidden role

We are thrilled to share the results of exciting new research into idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) – part-funded by Breathing Matters. It has been highlighted as one of the most important papers in 2025 on IPF.

What did the researchers find?

The team investigated a type of immune cell called neutrophil, which are normally part of the body’s defence system. In people with IPF, these cells behave differently compared to healthy individuals or those with other lung conditions. The study discovered that neutrophils in IPF patients:

• Are more numerous in the lungs, where they can contribute to scarring.
• Show enhanced movement toward inflamed areas in the lungs, suggesting they may get “trapped” there.
• Carry specific markers on their surface that could help explain why they stay in the lungs and contribute to disease progression.

This is important because pulmonary fibrosis is caused by scarring of the lungs, and understanding why neutrophils get stuck and how they behave could point the way toward new treatments.

Click here to read the full article.

Why this study matters

Previous studies have shown that neutrophils can predict outcomes in IPF, but no one fully understood the mechanisms behind this. This research confirms their role and shows certain traits of neutrophils in IPF that could be causing the disease to progress.

For researchers and clinicians, these findings could lead to:

• Better ways to predict disease outcomes.
• Potential new therapies targeting neutrophils to slow or stop lung scarring.
• A deeper understanding of how the immune system contributes to fibrosis.

How Breathing Matters helped

Breathing Matters is proud to have funded many of the researchers at University College London Respiratory who carried out this study. Our support enabled them to dedicate their time and expertise to investigating these important questions. Every donation we receive helps fund projects like this and gives hope to patients living with pulmonary fibrosis.

Looking ahead

While this study involved a relatively small number of patients, its findings opens the door for larger studies to fully understand neutrophil behaviour in IPF. Continued research may eventually lead to new treatments that could change the lives of thousands.

How you can help

Research like this relies on the generosity of supporters. You can help fund the next breakthrough by contributing to our work, supporting researchers and helping patients with pulmonary fibrosis live longer, healthier lives.

Support our research today

 [Posted January 2026]